谢邀。我假设你英文基本水平是有的,我就大胆写英文了。我学英联邦法的,引用的案例都是英国案例。学美国法的同学请理解下。
! v9 {& E) R5 G5 J* N% L1 h- u===============
* `) ?5 A; ^8 f! f0 i) @! L$ p先跟你讲一下法学院老师怎么上课。
1 `. n$ w# P& G2 F4 P假设星期一早上上课。前一周老师会发个大纲给你。上面包括, N0 p8 L$ t) V: o% b9 ~7 r5 N
1. 教科书某几章。
% S& X8 M, R: S3 L* ^2. 案例列表。1 t' X5 g% L+ Y L$ a
3. 今天讲的课题。
, `' h4 A X- W, p9 O你在上课之前必须把上面的1 2 3 全部读过一遍。(精读还是泛读倒是另外一件事)% U# R! E! J& b! s$ Q. b
上课了老师会这样教:
" m% A! t; ~+ K7 S' ^& j老师:Today we are gonna talk about the formation of a contract. What are the requirements?
8 k# Q; w# H/ S* x" T7 t5 Y学生A(举手发言,下同):Offer, acceptance, consideration.
) ]2 F( [0 s! R6 n6 M老师:What is an offer then?
" m3 \; U( a. X2 q0 n. ^学生B: An expression of willingness to contract on certain terms, made with the intention that it shall become binding as soon as it is accepted by the person to whom it is addressed k' E# y0 p, R3 M0 a
老师:Authority?( v9 g, c$ Y) y& Q
学生B: Tritel (一本英国的合同法教科书)
7 R' s8 c9 ?6 Z. ]! ?& L老师:How do you tell whether these people making those terms have the intention for them to be binding?, is it a subjective test or objective test?7 d( `6 E" K/ M: a. Z
学生C: Objective test.- t7 H1 |4 u) [- J4 D3 l7 r1 i
老师:Authority?
, e4 v g% h7 Q2 B" I& u! G1 W学生C:Smith v Hughes
) t7 k8 M' |/ v% M1 [老师:Can someone tell me the relevant facts of this case?
' S1 n! Q! F% I) a, W3 N \1 [% ~学生D: Hughes was a horse trainer. Hughes ordered some oats from Smith. The sample oats that Smith showed Hughes were green oats. When Smith delivered part of the green oats Hughes refused to pay, claiming that he only wanted old oats to feed the horses. Smith sued Hughes for breach of contract.7 J6 v$ ?0 V# B' N1 c' }* s/ z
老师:What did the court say?
+ ?7 l7 n. B! l r2 y学生E:the court said at page 607 that "If, whatever a man's real intention may be, he so conducts himself that a reasonable man would believe that he was assenting to the terms proposed by the other party, and that other party upon that belief enters into the contract with him, the man thus conducting himself would be equally bound as if he had intended to agree to the other party's terms."
9 k! g% H, E% M2 E老师:How did this principle apply to the case?3 _- h, r G8 l P* T
学生F: In this case, from a reasonable person's point of view, when someone saw the green oat, and purchased some oats, without specifying that he wanted old oats instead, there is no way to tell that the buyer subjectively intended to buy old oats. Rather, it is reasonable to assume that the buyer wanted to buy what he saw. This would be in line with the principle of sales of goods by sample, if the sample truly represents the the bulk, as Justice Blackburn correctly pointed out at page 606.5 F( ]# N4 K; o4 i
老师:What is your view on this case? Do you think the judge was correct?* J8 B' i! C5 V# {
学生G, H, I, J: .........# u: d" |! V7 Z9 Y& H% C
基本上你如果能够做到可以回答这些问题,你的课前准备就够了。
9 g& T, d- Y: ~# a: D8 S* @* B=================
, H# C5 t; H, B- p& N* [) i关于准备读书的技巧,推荐两本书给你看。
" l& c6 c3 T/ q5 y+ ?) L6 q1 n ~4 {9 ~. \) a% p
& T/ D! s+ P! n& B i上面这本书目前最新版是2014年的第三版4 [& a1 B5 g# C9 z! u# K9 f
/ O6 [6 I Z$ D4 z+ ?
$ }& g! V/ g6 V0 W1 L6 ]- g% F这两本书亚马逊都有电子版出售。$ j8 H; c7 h5 F2 u7 z6 k# b1 W
你需要知道的学习技巧这两本书里面都有讲。1 A' c( q( s1 n1 B9 l3 R# j
我个人的经验是,以下的技巧特别重要:
/ D8 m9 n9 g+ x6 D8 C8 V1. 阅读理解速度。) I/ s, W6 X$ h1 J5 R. u& Y+ E
2. 知道怎么读案例。
; ?7 }6 s; L9 V+ n# L1 {2 w3. 知道怎么做Legal Research。(这个上课会学的)$ b" Y% V' k# q: p
4. 知道怎么做课堂笔记以及整理笔记。(强烈不建议用录音笔,时间不够用的,除非你不想睡了)。推荐学习Cornell Note Taking Techniques。
/ ?1 @ S2 o9 Z2 c% R5. 逻辑推理能力(再推荐你本书Thank you for arguing )
8 O' c5 V. i z. ^5 m9 i" ~. d! J+ S! C3 _3 N9 ?- c
8 X* c) _0 K% G# `
6. 打字速度。; C& S+ j4 X9 Z. B
7. 时间管理。3 o* x: t/ ?) e5 B M8 K! w1 J
==============英文=================& G: ?# ]$ E( Z7 s" r
中国人的英文用来读法律主要有三个问题:; o3 P. Y! P6 j q
1. 词汇量不够。这里我指的是用英文理解的英文词汇量不够。Lacuna 和Gap翻译成中文其实是一样的意思,但是在英文写作中用法是不一样的。知道怎么用很重要。这就需要用英文字典理解英文词汇。用中文字典准确表达那种微妙的差别其实挺难的。这个方面X宝书其实帮不到你什么。7 }4 {6 {4 d+ `* q. [
2. 表达方式。我们都会习惯用母语的方式表达外语。用这种方式写出来的英文文章,作为英文母语的人去读,理解上会有难度。解决这个问题的方法就是大量阅读。读别的法官,律师写的作品。学习他们的表达方式。
7 K& ^4 R; o: }4 u0 G' \3. 口语。少部分人没有问题,大部分人哑巴英语,读法律想表达自己确实有难度。解决方法同样是大量的练习。顺便提一下,口音问题没人会在乎的。只要你用的是正确的英文,大家能听懂就好。 |